Outcome Measure

CFS alone (n = 50)

CFS-MCS (n = 27)

CFS-FM (n = 18)

CFS-MCS-FM (n = 19)

Mean (Standard Deviation)

MOS-SF-36

Physical Functioning

53.61 (25.05)^a

42.50 (19.66)

40.56 (23.69)

32.89 (19.95)^a

Role-Physical

4.69 (12.27)

3.85 (11.60)

4.17 (12.86)

3.95 (12.54)

Bodily Pain

49.83 (21.88)^a,c

40.62 (21.63)^b

30.00 (13.18)^c

21.58 (18.60)^a,b

General Health

36.65 (16.74)^a

28.75 (15.94)

38.54 (16.62)^b

19.95 (32.24)^a,b

Vitality

20.73 (15.98)

15.19 (12.84)

19.72 (16.31)

11.32 (9.84)

Social Functioning

46.09 (25.15)^a

30.29 (21.84)^a

47.22 (23.70)

30.26 (19.68)

Role-Emotional

56.74 (45.00)

47.44 (45.39)

42.59 (35.80)

57.89 (41.34)

Mental Health

67.08 (16.30)

55.85 (19.35)

66.22 (14.79)

62.11 (18.10)

Brief COPE

Self Distraction

2.30 (0.87)^a,b

2.91 (0.81)^b

2.89 (0.88)

3.18 (0.65)^a

Active Coping

2.97 (0.84)

3.15 (0.83)

3.28 (0.73)

3.10 (0.88)

Denial

1.41 (0.85)

1.28 (0.59)

1.25 (0.35)

1.32 (0.61)

Substance Use

1.15 (0.47)

1.22 (0.63)

1.53 (0.98)

1.24 (0.42)

Emotional Support

2.40 (0.95)

2.17 (0.91)

2.56 (0.97)

2.29 (0.85)

Instrumental Support

2.32 (0.96)

2.61 (0.93)

2.78 (0.75)

2.66 (0.99)

Behavioral Disengagement

1.33 (0.51)

1.27 (0.38)

1.47 (0.44)

1.47 (0.94)

Venting

1.93 (0.63)

2.09 (0.77)

2.39 (0.65)

2.11 (.077)

Positive Reframing

2.20 (1.06)

2.28 (0.94)

2.75 (0.96)

2.53 (1.05)

Planning

2.97 (0.97)

3.00 (0.98)

3.00 (0.86)

3.03 (0.86)

Humor

1.68 (0.79)^a

1.78 (0.87)

2.39 (1.20)^a

1.79 (0.77)

Acceptance

2.95 (0.88)

2.81 (0.83)

2.94 (0.75)

2.95 (0.80)

Religion

2.41 (1.01)

2.44 (0.97)

2.31 (1.06)

2.47 (1.05)

Self Blame

1.69 (0.87)

1.74 (0.75)

2.00 (0.77)

1.92 (0.79)

Beck Depression Inventory

16.47 (8.61)^a

20.88 (9.64)

18.50 (9.54)

23.93 (11.43)^a

Fatigue Severity Scale

5.98 (0.68)

6.35 (0.66)^a

5.70 (1.22)^a

6.30 (0.53)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

7.26 (2.53)^a

8.69 (2.20)

8.94 (2.10)

8.95 (2.39)^a

Brief Pain Inventory

Interference

2.83 (2.52)^a,c,d

4.56 (2.78)^b,c

5.36 (1.96)^d

6.80 (2.33)^a,b

Severity

3.03 (2.06)^a,c

4.06 (2.02)^b

4.86 (1.40)^c

6.10 (2.04)^a,b

Symptoms

Sore Throat

23.50 (26.61)

29.48 (26.97)

20.56 (26.40)

24.84 (28.82)

Tender Lymph Nodes

25.75 (30.36)

23.40 (26.33)

27.50 (33.79)

32.00 (27.92)

Muscle Pain

50.52 (28.34)^a,b

60.76 (28.22)

72.92 (22.56)^b

78.42 (24.97)^a

Joint Pain

31.85 (33.25)^a,c

46.04 (35.95)^b

63.06 (32.18)^c

75.50 (24.54)^a,b

Impaired Memory

62.96 (25.22)

59.63 (23.82)

65.14 (25.53)

68.94 (22.65)

Unrefreshing Sleep

76.89 (18.89)

75.19 (25.43)

89.67 (10.86)

87.03 (14.46)

Post-Exertional Malaise

73.27 (17.84)

75.19 (19.16)

74.86 (23.74)

82.36 (14.10)

Headaches

42.91 (33.39)^a

56.87 (30.50)

55.00 (31.44)

74.03 (24.39)^a

Six Minute Walk Test

Distance Walked (feet)

1419.47 (312.17)

1728.08 (2387.62)

1304.28 (356.492)

1221.39 (239.23)

Average RPE

9.85 (2.24)^a

10.56 (2.08)

11.37 (2.76)

11.78 (2.42)^a

Sit and Reach (inches)

13.48 (3.54)

13.16 (4.49)

14.55 (4.24)

13.40 (3.77)

Hand Grip (pounds)

Right

64.45 (24.67)

61.57 (21.21)

64.19 (21.87)

52.28 (15.34)

Left

60.04 (22.71)

58.63 (17.90)

58.72 (20.71)

48.07 (17.21)

Actigraphy Mean

161.35 (58.55)

145.74 (58.13)

167.23 (48.51)

149.78 (63.12)

Lifetime Axis I Diagnosis %

29 (58.0%)

17 (63.0%)

12 (66.7%)

13 (68.4%)

Current Axis I Diagnosis %

19 (38.0%)

8 (29.6%)

9 (50.0%)

8 (42.1%)